Heat of Reaction
Our research goal was to determine the enthalpy of magnesium and hydrochloric acid mixed together.
We achieved this goal by measuring out 50ml of hydrochloric acid in a cholorimeter, then adding 1.6g of magnesium ribbon to the hydrochhloric acid. We determined that the hydrochloric acid absorbed 3kj, after doing multiple calculations to help support it. Overall, the hydrochloric acid absorbed quite a bit of energy from the magnesium.
Hydrochloric acid is an acid, therefore CAN harm people in high enough quantities. Along with the hydrogen gas being given off could cause harm if inhailed.
Materials
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100ml graduated cylinder
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50ml of hydrochloric acid
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1.6g of magnesium strip
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chloromiter
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Sparks machine /w temp prob
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scale
- Collect all equipment and put on your safety glasses.
- Measure out 50.0mL of 1.0M HCl and pour into a pre-weighed calorimeter.
- Record the mass of the calorimeter + HCl.
- Record the starting temperature of the HCl.
- Measure out no more than 0.2g of magnesium ribbon. Record the actual mass.
- Roll up the Mg ribbon into a loose ball. When ready, place the Mg into the HCl. Quickly place BOTH lids on the calorimeter and slide the thermometer probe into the reaction mixture.
- Record the temperature every 15 seconds, until the reaction is complete (you'll be able to hear the gas being given off when it's reacting).
- When the reaction is complete, record the final temperature.
- Rinse off the thermometer probe and pour the reaction mixture into the waste container, with an equal volume of tap water to "neutralize" any remaining acid.
- Clean off your lab table and return to your seat
Evidence
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50ml of hydrochloric acid
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1.6g of magnesium ribbon
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29.48g choloromiter
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Hydrochloric acid is 24.3C
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Initial temp of acid /w Mg = 25.2
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Final temp = 39.4
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Hydrochloric acid absorbed 3kj
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Enthalpy of Mg was 455.71875
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The theoretical heat of reaction was 466.75kj
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Our percent error is 2.36%
The enthalpy of the Mg and HCL was 466.75kj.
What I learned from this expierment was that you can find the enthalpy of reactions by finding out the mass, change in temperature, and specific heat of the inital, and final substances of the reactants. Thus, we were able to deduce the enthalpy by using various formulas Including, finding the moles of a substance, finding the heat absorbed by a substance, and finding the enthalpy. This type of expierment can be used for a lot of reactions, and therefore able to be used on various substances, enabling us to find the enthalpy easily.